Yadda Ake Lissafin Kuɗin Jigilar Kaya Lokacin Shigo da Fitilun Kibiya daga China

Shigowafitilun igiyadaga China na iya zama mai rahusa sosai, ammaKudin jigilar kaya sau da yawa suna rikitar da ƙananan da matsakaitan masu siye. Kaya ba farashi ɗaya ba ne da aka ƙayyade — sakamakon abubuwa da yawa da suka haɗa kai ne, waɗanda suka haɗa da hanyar jigilar kaya, Incoterms, girman kaya, da kuma kuɗin da za a biya.

A cikin wannan jagorar, mun rabayadda ake ƙididdige farashin jigilar kaya don fitilun igiya, waɗanne kuɗaɗe ya kamata ku yi tsammani, da kuma yadda za ku guji tarkon farashi na yau da kullun - an rubuta musamman donsamfuran masu zaman kansu, dillalan kayayyaki, da masu siyar da Amazon.

Muhimman Abubuwan Da Ake Ɗauka

• Kudin jigilar kaya ya dogara ne akanhanyar jigilar kaya, Incoterms, nauyi, girma, da kuɗin da za a biya
• Jigilar kaya ta tekuya fi rahusa ga yin oda mai yawa;jigilar jiragen samayana da sauri ga gaggawa ko ƙananan jigilar kaya
• Nauyin girma (ƙarfi) sau da yawa yana da mahimmanci fiye da ainihin nauyi don fitilun igiya
• Kullum a nemaambato masu haɗaka dukadon guje wa ɓoyayyun caji

 

1. Zaɓi Hanyar Jigilar Kaya Mai Dacewa: Jirgin Sama da Jirgin Ruwa

Babban shawarar farko da za ka yanke game da farashi ita ce yadda za ka aika fitilun igiyarka.

Jirgin Ruwa (Mafi Kyau ga Oda Mai Yawa)

Jirgin ruwa shine mafi arha zaɓi don jigilar fitilun igiyar LED matsakaici zuwa babba.

Lokutan sufuri na yau da kullun:

• China → Yammacin Tekun Amurka: Kwanaki 15–20
• China → Gabashin Gabashin Amurka: Kwanaki 25–35
• China → Turai: Kwanaki 25–45

Mafi kyau ga:

• Adadi mai yawa
• Ƙananan farashin jigilar kaya a kowace naúrar
• Cike kaya ba tare da gaggawa ba

Jirgin Sama da Mai jigilar kaya (Mafi kyau don Sauri)

Ayyukan jigilar kaya ta jiragen sama da na gaggawa (DHL, FedEx, UPS) suna ba da jigilar kaya cikin sauri akan farashi mai tsada.

Lokutan sufuri na yau da kullun:

• Jigilar jiragen sama: Kwanaki 5-10
• Mai jigilar kaya na gaggawa: kwanaki 3-7

Mafi kyau ga:

• Samfura ko umarnin gwaji
• Ƙananan jigilar kaya masu daraja
• Sayar da kayayyaki cikin gaggawa a Amazon

Shawara: Masu siye da yawa suna amfani da jigilar jiragen sama don yin oda ta farko, sannan su koma jigilar kaya ta teku da zarar tallace-tallace sun daidaita.

2. Fahimci Incoterms: Wanene ke Biyan Kuɗi akan Me?

Ma'anar Incotermsraba farashi da alhakitsakanin mai siye da mai kaya. Zaɓar lokacin da ya dace yana shafar jimillar kuɗin da za ku kashe.

Kayayyakin Incoterms na gama gari don shigo da Hasken String

• EXW (Ex Works): Mai siye yana biyan kusan komai - farashin samfura mafi arha, amma mafi girman sarkakiyar dabaru
• FOB (Kyauta a kan jirgin): Mai samar da kayayyaki yana biyan kuɗin fitar da kaya; mai siye yana kula da manyan jigilar kaya
• CIF (Farashi, Inshora & Sufuri)Mai samar da kaya yana shirya jigilar kaya ta teku; mai siye yana kula da farashin zuwa
• DAP (An kawo a wurin)Kayayyaki da aka kawo muku zuwa adireshinku, ban da harajin shigo da kaya
• DDP (An biya harajin da aka bayar): Mai samar da kayayyaki yana sarrafa komai - mafi sauƙi amma yawanci mafi tsada jimillar farashi

Ga yawancin ƙananan masu shigo da kaya, FOB tana ba da mafi kyawun daidaito na sarrafa farashi da bayyana gaskiya.

3. Nauyi, Girma & Nauyin Girma (Mai Muhimmanci Sosai)

Kamfanonin jigilar kaya suna cajin kuɗi bisa gamafi girman nauyin gaske ko nauyin girma.

Yadda ake ƙididdige Nauyin Girma

Domin kuwa galibi ana samun wutar lantarki ababba amma mai sauƙi, nauyin girma sau da yawa yana haifar da farashi.

Misali:

• Nauyin gaske: 10 kg
• Girman kwali: 50 × 50 × 50 cm
• Nauyin girma: ~21 kg

Za a caje ku saboda21 kg, ba 10 kg ba.

Inganta girman kwali da marufi na iya rage farashin jigilar kaya sosai.

4. Rarraba Kayan Aikin Jigilar Kaya

Kudaden jigilar kaya sun haɗa da fiye da jigilar kaya ta teku ko ta jirgin sama kawai.

Kudaden Asali (Bangaren China)

• Masana'anta → Sufurin tashar jiragen ruwa
• Fitar da kwastam daga waje
• Kudin sarrafawa na tashoshi
• Kuɗin takardu

Babban Kuɗin Dakon Kaya

• Jirgin ruwa ko jigilar sama
• Karin kuɗin mai (BAF, LSS, Karin kuɗin mai na iska)
• Karin kuɗin lokacin ƙololuwa
• Ƙara yawan kuɗi (GRI)

Kuɗin Zuwa

• Takardar izinin shigo da kwastam
• Kudin kula da tashoshi
• Ana sauke kaya a tashar jiragen ruwa ko filin jirgin sama
• Isarwa ta gida zuwa ma'ajiyar kaya
• Ajiya, rushewa, ko tsarewa (idan an jinkirta)

Harajin Kwastam da Harajin Shigo da Kaya

• Dangane da rarrabuwar lambar HS
• Kudin harajin shigo da kaya ya bambanta dangane da ƙasa
• An ƙididdige VAT / GST akan samfura + jigilar kaya + haraji

 Lambobin HS marasa daidai ko ƙarancin kimantawa na iya haifar da jinkiri da hukunci.

5. Yadda Ake Samun Ingancin Kalmomin Jigilar Kaya

Bayar da Cikakken Bayani Kan Samfurin

• Sunan samfurin da kayan aiki
• Lambar HS
• Girman kwali da nauyi
• Jimlar adadi

Tabbatar da Incoterms & Adireshin Isarwa

Koyaushe a bayyane yake cewa:

• Tsarin jigilar kaya (FOB, CIF, DDP, da sauransu)
• Adireshin isarwa na ƙarshe (shago, Amazon FBA, 3PL)

Kwatanta Masu Kawo Kaya da Yawa

Kada ka zaɓi bisa ga farashi kawai. Kimanta:

• Bayyanar farashi
• Kwarewa da fitar da kayayyaki daga China
• Saurin sadarwa
• Ikon bin diddigin abubuwa

Nemi Amsoshin Duk-Cikakkun Bayanai

Buƙatafarashin ƙofa zuwa ƙofawanda ya haɗa da:

• Kaya
• Yarjejeniyar kwastam
• Karin kuɗin mai
• Isarwa ta gida
• Inshora (idan ana buƙata)

Wannan yana hana kuɗaɗen mamaki daga baya.

Tunani na Ƙarshe

Lissafin farashin jigilar kaya don shigo da fitilun igiya daga China yana buƙatar fahimtahanyoyin jigilar kaya, Incoterms, nauyin girma, da cajin ɓoyayyeDa shiri mai kyau, za ka iya kimanta farashin da kake kashewa daidai kuma ka guji abubuwan mamaki na kasafin kuɗi.

Idan kuna son samun fitilun LED kuma kuna son samun suzaɓɓukan jigilar kaya masu tsabta, adadin oda mai sassauƙa, da farashi mai gaskiya, yin aiki tare da mai samar da kayayyaki mai ƙwarewa zai iya sauƙaƙa aikin sosai.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi akai-akai

Ta yaya zan iya rage farashin jigilar kaya don fitilun igiya daga China?
Inganta marufi, aika manyan kayayyaki ta teku, zaɓi sharuɗɗan FOB, kuma kwatanta kwatancen masu aikawa da bayanai da yawa.

Wanne Incoterm ne ya fi dacewa ga masu farawa?
FOB yawanci shine mafi kyau don sarrafa farashi; DDP shine mafi sauƙi idan kuna son sauƙi.

Me yasa nauyin girma yake da mahimmanci ga fitilun igiyar LED?
Saboda fitilun igiyoyi suna da girma, masu ɗaukar kaya galibi suna caji bisa ga girma maimakon ainihin nauyi, wanda ke ƙara farashi idan marufi bai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba.